Academic Impact
Research metrics are quantitative measurements designed to evaluate research outputs and impacts. They consist of different measures and statistical methods for assessing the quality and impact of research.
Traditionally, research metrics (bibliometrics) focuses on the quantitative analysis of research outputs, most commonly scholarly publications. The most extensively utilized bibliometrics relies on number of citations (citation counts) because citations from other works suggest that the cited work has to a certain extent influenced the citing work. Some examples include Journal Impact Factor and h-index.
These metrics are commonly used to demonstrate (potential) academic impact in:

Some popular metrics are as follows.
Journal Level Metrics
Author Level Metrics
Article Level Metrics
Check-out the sub-pages for usage and limitations of each of the metrics.
Reference