Give credit where credit is due. By properly citing the sources you use in your writings, you are both identifying the resources that you used to complete your work and you are formally acknowledging the authors or creators of those resources. Please read the handbook on plagarism.
In this section, there are some tools that help you how to write MLA and APA citations and manage them using software.
Modern Language Association (MLA) style is most commonly used for citing and documenting sources in Literature.
Helpful resource:
MLA Formatting and Style Guide. Created by Purdue Online Writing Lab
Last Name, First Name. Title of Book. City of Publication, Publisher, Publication Date.
Example:
Liddicoat, Anthony J. An Introduction to Conversation Analysis. Continuum, 2007.
*Note: the City of Publication should only be used if the book was published before 1900, if the publisher has offices in more than one country, or if the publisher is unknown in North America.
Last Name, First Name. Title of Book. E-book, Publisher, Publication Date.
Example:
Liddicoat, Anthony J. An Introduction to Conversation Analysis. E-book, Bloomsbury Publishing, 2010.
*Note: Citations for e-books closely resemble those for physical books. Simply indicate that the book in question is an e-book by putting the term "e-book" in the "version" slot of the MLA template (i.e., after the author, the title of the source, the title of the container, and the names of any other contributors).
Last Name, First Name. "Title of Article." Title of Journal, Volume, Issue, Year, pages.
Example:
Lou, Jackie Jia. “Spaces of consumption and senses of place: A geosemiotic analysis of three markets in Hong Kong.” Social Semiotics, vol.27, no.4,
2017, pp. 513-531.
Last Name, First Name. "Title of Article." Title of Journal, Volume, Issue, Year, pages. DOI or URL.
Example:
Lou, Jackie Jia. “Spaces of consumption and senses of place: A geosemiotic analysis of three markets in Hong Kong”. Social Semiotics, vol.27, no.4,
2017, pp. 513-531. https://doi.org/10.1080/10350330.2017.1334403.
* Note: For all online scholarly journals, provide the author(s) name(s), the name of the article in quotation marks, the title of the publication in italics, all volume and issue numbers, and the year of publication. Include a DOI if available, otherwise provide a URL or permalink to help readers locate the source.
American Psychological Association (APA) style is commonly used in Linguistics.
Helpful resource:
APA Formatting and Style Guide (7th Edition). Created by Purdue Online Writing Lab
Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle. Publisher Name. DOI (if available)
Example:
Liddicoat, A. (2007). An Introduction to Conversation Analysis. Continuum.
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of book. Publisher. URL.
Example:
Liddicoat, A. (2010). An Introduction to Conversation Analysis. Bloomsbury Publishing. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/HKUHK/detail.action?docID=436681.
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, volume number(issue number), pages.
Example:
Lou, J. J. (2017). Spaces of consumption and senses of place: A geosemiotic analysis of three markets in Hong Kong, Social Semiotics, 27(4), 513-531.
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, volume number(issue number), pages. DOI or URL.
Example:
Lou, J. J. (2017). Spaces of consumption and senses of place: A geosemiotic analysis of three markets in Hong Kong, Social Semiotics, 27(4), 513-